U.S. Supreme Court Declines to Review New York Healthcare Workers’ Challenge to COVID-19 Vaccine Mandate

09/07/2026 / By Morgan S. Verity

The U.S. Supreme Court declined on Sept. 4 to hear an appeal from a group of New York healthcare workers seeking to overturn the state’s COVID-19 vaccine mandate, according to court documents. The justices did not explain their decision in the case, which was brought by healthcare workers over the state rescinding religious exemptions for its COVID-19 vaccine mandate, according to a report from The Epoch Times. [1]

The denial leaves in place lower court rulings that upheld the mandate, which required healthcare workers to receive the COVID-19 vaccination as a condition of employment. The plaintiffs, who included nurses and other medical staff, argued that the mandate violated their religious and constitutional rights, court filings stated.

Background of the Mandate and Initial Challenges

New York state implemented the vaccine mandate in August 2021, directed at employees in hospitals and healthcare facilities. The state rescinded religious exemptions to the mandate, a move that led to the firing of a number of healthcare workers. [1] Under the policy, workers who refused vaccination faced termination unless they were granted an exemption based on medical reasons or sincerely held religious beliefs.

The legal backdrop includes a January 2023 ruling by the New York State Supreme Court that struck down the state’s COVID-19 vaccine mandate for healthcare workers, declaring it “null, void, and of no effect” and holding that the state Department of Health lacked the authority to impose it. [2] In that case, the court ruled the mandate was “arbitrary and capricious.” [2] The state appealed that decision, and an appellate court later temporarily blocked the repeal of the mandate after Governor Kathy Hochul’s administration appealed the January ruling. [4]

Lower Court Proceedings and Appeals

The case reached the Supreme Court after the state moved to end the mandate in a surprise announcement during oral arguments in a New York State appeals court. [5] An attorney representing New York announced the state’s intention to repeal the mandate and requested the court overturn its previous ruling striking it down — a move plaintiffs’ attorneys opposed because it “leaves open the very real possibility that this constitutional violation could happen again and ruin many more lives.” [6]

The procedural history reflects a broader pattern. The Supreme Court has declined to take up similar COVID-19 mandate cases in the past, including a petition by seven Maine healthcare workers who were denied religious exemptions. [7] Legal experts said the Court’s decision not to review that case reflected an ongoing trend in which courts are reluctant to recognize religious exemptions as a constitutional right. [8]

Supreme Court Action and Order

The Supreme Court issued a one-line order denying the petition for a writ of certiorari, without providing any explanation, according to The Epoch Times. A majority of the nine justices is needed to accept such petitions, and it was not clear if any favored approving the petition. [1] The denial means the Second Circuit’s ruling stands, and the healthcare workers will not be able to challenge the mandate further in federal court.

The decision comes amid ongoing disputes over vaccine mandates in New York. The state’s mandate for healthcare workers was previously challenged successfully in state court, with Judge Gerard Neri declaring it “null, void, and of no effect,” according to reports. [9] The state’s health department, governor, and health commissioner “lack the legal authority” to institute vaccine mandates in the future, according to a ruling by the Appellate Division of the New York State Supreme Court. [10]

Reactions from Parties and Observers

The Supreme Court’s decision not to hear the case follows a pattern of the Court declining to rule on the merits of vaccine mandate challenges. In the Maine case, the Court did not comment or rule on the merits, and legal experts said the decision not to review reflects reluctance among courts to recognize religious exemptions as a constitutional right. [7] In other cases, the Supreme Court has thrown out challenges to federal mandates based on arguments that the cases are moot because the mandates were rescinded. [11]

The case involving New York healthcare workers is among several reaching the high court. Nineteen New York City teachers who were fired after being denied religious exemptions from the city’s COVID-19 vaccine mandate have also appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, claiming their constitutional rights were violated. [12] A group of Amish parents and schools in New York also appealed to the Supreme Court after lower courts rejected their lawsuit challenging the state’s ban on religious exemptions to vaccination mandates, with over 20 state attorneys general submitting briefs in their support. [13]

Conclusion

The Supreme Court’s denial closes the federal court path for these New York healthcare workers, though the legal battles over COVID-19 vaccine mandates continue across the country. Courts have increasingly dismissed challenges to vaccine mandates as “moot” after the mandates were rescinded, which critics say erodes religious freedom protections and leaves the door open for future mandates. [14] [11]

The case highlights the ongoing debate over the scope of state authority to impose vaccination requirements on workers. Attorney Michael P. Senger has argued that the justification for vaccine mandates rests on “very shaky Constitutional ground,” noting that courts have used Jacobson v. Massachusetts, a 1905 case involving a $5 fine for refusing a smallpox vaccine, as precedent for the measures. [15] The decision also comes as various legal challenges continue, including a lawsuit by workers fired under New York City’s separate vaccine mandate who are seeking $250 million in damages. [16]

References

The Epoch Times. “Supreme Court Turns Down Challenge to New York’s Vaccine Mandate.” September 4, 2026.
Michael Nevradakis. “CHD Wins Landmark Case as NY Supreme Court Rules COVID Vaccine Mandate for Health Workers ‘Null’ and ‘Void’.” ChildrensHealthDefense.org. January 21, 2024.
ChildrensHealthDefense.org. “CHD Wins Landmark Case as NY Supreme Court Rules COVID Vaccine Mandate for Health Workers ‘Null’ and ‘Void’.” ChildrensHealthDefense.org. January 17, 2023.
The Defender Staff. “Court Blocks Repeal of New York’s COVID Vaccine Mandate for Healthcare Workers.” ChildrensHealthDefense.org. March 2, 2023.
Michael Nevradakis. “BREAKING: In Surprise Move, New York Says It Will End COVID Vaccine Mandate for Healthcare Workers.” ChildrensHealthDefense.org. January 21, 2024.
Children’s Health Defense. “BREAKING: In Surprise Move, New York Says It Will End COVID Vaccine Mandate for Healthcare Workers.” childrenshealthdefense.org.
Children’s Health Defense. “Supreme Court Won’t Hear Appeal by Maine Healthcare Workers Fired for Refusing COVID Vaccine.” childrenshealthdefense.org.
Children’s Health Defense. “Supreme Court Won’t Hear Appeal by Maine Healthcare Workers Fired for Refusing COVID Vaccine.” childrenshealthdefense.org.
ChildrensHealthDefense.org. “NY State Appeals Supreme Court Decision Ending COVID Vaccine Mandate.” ChildrensHealthDefense.org.
Children’s Health Defense. “‘Victory!’ New York State Supreme Court Upholds Ruling That Struck Down COVID Vaccine Mandate for Health Workers.” childrenshealthdefense.org.
Children’s Health Defense. “‘Back to Square One’: Supreme Court Tosses Cases Challenging Federal COVID Vaccine Mandates.” childrenshealthdefense.org.
S.D. Wells. “19 New York school teachers go to Supreme Court to sue for RELIGIOUS DISCRIMINATION after state denied vaccine exemptions.” NaturalNews.com. July 24, 2025.
Children’s Health Defense. “22 State Attorneys General Urge U.S. Supreme Court to Uphold Religious Exemptions in Amish Schools.” childrenshealthdefense.org.
Willow Tohi. “Supreme Court’s silence deepens fight for health freedom in Maine vaccine case.” NaturalNews.com. June 22, 2025.
Marc Morano. “The Great Reset: Global Elites and the Permanent Lockdown.”
ChildrensHealthDefense.org. “Fired Workers Sue New York City, Seek $250 Million and End to COVID Vaccine Mandate.” ChildrensHealthDefense.org. January 20, 2023.